wmproxy是由Rust编写，已实现http/https代理，socks5代理， 反向代理，静态文件服务器，内网穿透，配置热更新等， 后续将实现websocket代理等，同时会将实现过程分享出来， 感兴趣的可以一起造个轮子法
gite: https://gitee.com/tickbh/wmproxy
github: https://github.com/tickbh/wmproxy
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | X | X | X | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 10 stored on 5 bits +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | X | X | X | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 31 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 26 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 10 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+
最终的填充值：
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ | X | X | X | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | Prefix = 31, I = 1306 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1306>=128, encode(154), I=1306/128 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 10<128, encode(10), done +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+
以下待索引的值
:method: GET
十六进制表示值82，二进制表示10000010，表示取静态表2的值，查表为(
以下示例
custom-key: custom-header
十六进制表示
400a 6375 7374 6f6d 2d6b 6579 0d63 7573 | @.custom-key.cus 746f 6d2d 6865 6164 6572 | tom-header
解码过程
40 | == 01开头请求索引 == 0a | name (长度 10) 6375 7374 6f6d 2d6b 6579 | custom-key 0d | value (长度 13) 6375 7374 6f6d 2d68 6561 6465 72 | custom-header | -> custom-key: | custom-header
动态表 (解码之后):
[ 1] (占用 55) custom-key: custom-header 占用长度: 10+13+32=55
以下示例
:path: /sample/path
十六进制表示
040c 2f73 616d 706c 652f 7061 7468 | ../sample/path
解码过程
04 | == 0000开头，请求不索引 == | name从索引取 (idx = 4) | 值为:path 0c | value (长度12) 2f73 616d 706c 652f 7061 7468 | /sample/path | -> :path: /sample/path
以下示例
password: secret
十六进制表示
1008 7061 7373 776f 7264 0673 6563 7265 | ..password.secre 74 | t
解码过程
10 | == 0001开头不索引 == 08 | name (长度8) 7061 7373 776f 7264 | password 06 | value (长度6) 7365 6372 6574 | secret | -> password: secret
以下几个示例将连接请求，后续的会用到前面的动态列表
第一次请求. 示例如下
:method: GET :scheme: http :path: / :authority: www.example.com
十六进制表示
8286 8441 0f77 7777 2e65 7861 6d70 6c65 | ...A.www.example 2e63 6f6d | .com
解码过程
82 | == Indexed - 静态表 == | idx = 2 | -> :method: GET 86 | == Indexed - 静态表 == | idx = 6 | -> :scheme: http 84 | == Indexed - 静态表 == | idx = 4 | -> :path: / 41 | == 01开头请求索引 indexed == | Indexed name (idx = 1) | :authority 0f | Literal value (长度15) 7777 772e 6578 616d 706c 652e 636f 6d | www.example.com | -> :authority: | www.example.com
动态列表 (解码后):
[ 1->62] (s = 57) :authority: www.example.com 列表长度: 57
第二次请求. 示例如下，新加了cache-control字段，其它和第一次一样
:method: GET :scheme: http :path: / :authority: www.example.com cache-control: no-cache
十六进制表示
8286 84be 5808 6e6f 2d63 6163 6865 | ....X.no-cache
解码过程
82 | == Indexed - 静态表 == | idx = 2 | -> :method: GET 86 | == Indexed - 静态表 == | idx = 6 | -> :scheme: http 84 | == Indexed - 静态表 == | idx = 4 | -> :path: / be | == Indexed - 动态表，索引值62及以上的为动态表 == | idx = 62 | -> :authority: | www.example.com 58 | == Literal indexed == | Indexed name (idx = 24) | cache-control 08 | Literal value (8) 6e6f 2d63 6163 6865 | no-cache | -> cache-control: no-cache
动态列表 (解码后):
[ 1->62] (s = 53) cache-control: no-cache [ 2->63] (s = 57) :authority: www.example.com 总长度: 110
第三次请求. 示例如下
:method: GET :scheme: https :path: /index.html :authority: www.example.com custom-key: custom-value
十六进制表示
8287 85bf 400a 6375 7374 6f6d 2d6b 6579 | ....@.custom-key 0c63 7573 746f 6d2d 7661 6c75 65 | .custom-value
解码过程
82 | == Indexed - 静态表 == | idx = 2 | -> :method: GET 87 | == Indexed - 静态表 == | idx = 7 | -> :scheme: https 85 | == Indexed - 静态表 == | idx = 5 | -> :path: /index.html bf | == Indexed - 动态表 == | idx = 63 | -> :authority: | www.example.com 40 | == Literal indexed == 0a | Literal name (长度10) 6375 7374 6f6d 2d6b 6579 | custom-key 0c | Literal value (长度12) 6375 7374 6f6d 2d76 616c 7565 | custom-value | -> custom-key: | custom-value
动态列表 (解码后):
[ 1->62] (s = 54) custom-key: custom-value [ 2->63] (s = 53) cache-control: no-cache [ 3->64] (s = 57) :authority: www.example.com 总长度: 164
以下几个示例将连接请求，后续的会用到前面的动态列表
第一次请求. 示例如下
:method: GET :scheme: http :path: / :authority: www.example.com
十六进制表示
8286 8441 8cf1 e3c2 e5f2 3a6b a0ab 90f4 | ...A......:k.... ff | .
比之前少了3字节
解码过程
82 | == Indexed - 静态表 == | idx = 2 | -> :method: GET 86 | == Indexed - 静态表 == | idx = 6 | -> :scheme: http 84 | == Indexed - 静态表 == | idx = 4 | -> :path: / 41 | == Literal indexed == | Indexed name (idx = 1) | :authority 8c | Literal value (长度12) | Huffman encoded: f1e3 c2e5 f23a 6ba0 ab90 f4ff | .....:k..... | Decoded: | www.example.com | -> :authority: | www.example.com
动态列表 (解码后):
[ 1->62] (s = 57) :authority: www.example.com 列表长度: 57
第二次请求. 示例如下，新加了cache-control字段，其它和第一次一样
:method: GET :scheme: http :path: / :authority: www.example.com cache-control: no-cache
十六进制表示
8286 84be 5886 a8eb 1064 9cbf | ....X....d..
比之前少了2字节
解码过程
82 | == Indexed - 静态表 == | idx = 2 | -> :method: GET 86 | == Indexed - 静态表 == | idx = 6 | -> :scheme: http 84 | == Indexed - 静态表 == | idx = 4 | -> :path: / be | == Indexed - 动态表 == | idx = 62 | -> :authority: | www.example.com 58 | == Literal indexed == | Indexed name (idx = 24) | cache-control 86 | Literal value (长度6) | Huffman encoded: a8eb 1064 9cbf | ...d.. | Decoded: | no-cache | -> cache-control: no-cache
动态列表 (解码后):
[ 1->62] (s = 53) cache-control: no-cache [ 2->63] (s = 57) :authority: www.example.com 列表长度: 110
第三次请求. 示例如下
:method: GET :scheme: https :path: /index.html :authority: www.example.com custom-key: custom-value
十六进制表示
8287 85bf 4088 25a8 49e9 5ba9 7d7f 8925 | ....@.%.I.[.}..% a849 e95b b8e8 b4bf | .I.[....
比之前少了5字节
解码过程
82 | == Indexed - 静态表 == | idx = 2 | -> :method: GET 87 | == Indexed - 静态表 == | idx = 7 | -> :scheme: https 85 | == Indexed - 静态表 == | idx = 5 | -> :path: /index.html bf | == Indexed - 动态表 == | idx = 63 | -> :authority: | www.example.com 40 | == Literal indexed == 88 | Literal name (长度8) | Huffman encoded: 25a8 49e9 5ba9 7d7f | %.I.[.}. | Decoded: | custom-key 89 | Literal value (长度9) | Huffman encoded: 25a8 49e9 5bb8 e8b4 bf | %.I.[.... | Decoded: | custom-value | -> custom-key: | custom-value
动态列表 (解码后):
[ 1->62] (s = 54) custom-key: custom-value [ 2->63] (s = 53) cache-control: no-cache [ 3->64] (s = 57) :authority: www.example.com 总长度: 164
HUFFMAN编码在于首次如果数据较大的时候优势会更加明显，如果数据较小，或者在后续的时候与普通编码命中索引时基本一致。
HUFFMAN与普通的差别在于字符串编解码时的差别，这里只介绍一种，并且设置
SETTINGS_HEADER_TABLE_SIZE为256
以下几个示例将连接请求，后续的会用到前面的动态列表
第一次返回. 示例如下
:status: 302 cache-control: private date: Mon, 21 Oct 2013 20:13:21 GMT location: https://www.example.com
十六进制表示
4882 6402 5885 aec3 771a 4b61 96d0 7abe | H.d.X...w.Ka..z. 9410 54d4 44a8 2005 9504 0b81 66e0 82a6 | ..T.D. .....f... 2d1b ff6e 919d 29ad 1718 63c7 8f0b 97c8 | -..n..)...c..... e9ae 82ae 43d3 | ....C.
解码过程
48 | == Literal indexed == | Indexed name (idx = 8) | :status 82 | Literal value (长度2) | Huffman encoded: 6402 | d. | Decoded: | 302 | -> :status: 302 58 | == Literal indexed == | Indexed name (idx = 24) | cache-control 85 | Literal value (长度5) | Huffman encoded: aec3 771a 4b | ..w.K | Decoded: | private | -> cache-control: private 61 | == Literal indexed == | Indexed name (idx = 33) | date 96 | Literal value (长度22) | Huffman encoded: d07a be94 1054 d444 a820 0595 040b 8166 | .z...T.D. .....f e082 a62d 1bff | ...-.. | Decoded: | Mon, 21 Oct 2013 20:13:21 | GMT | -> date: Mon, 21 Oct 2013 | 20:13:21 GMT 6e | == Literal indexed == | Indexed name (idx = 46) | location 91 | Literal value (长度17) | Huffman encoded: 9d29 ad17 1863 c78f 0b97 c8e9 ae82 ae43 | .)...c.........C d3 | . | Decoded: | https://www.example.com | -> location: | https://www.example.com
动态列表 (解码后):
[ 1->62] (s = 63) location: https://www.example.com [ 2->63] (s = 65) date: Mon, 21 Oct 2013 20:13:21 GMT [ 3->64] (s = 52) cache-control: private [ 4->65] (s = 42) :status: 302 Table size: 222
第二次请求. 示例如下，只是状态码发生了变更
:status: 307 cache-control: private date: Mon, 21 Oct 2013 20:13:21 GMT location: https://www.example.com
十六进制表示
4883 640e ffc1 c0bf | H.d.....
解码过程
48 | == Literal indexed == | Indexed name (idx = 8) | :status 83 | Literal value (长度3) | Huffman encoded: 640e ff | d.. | Decoded: | 307 | - evict: :status: 302 | -> :status: 307 c1 | == Indexed - Add == | idx = 65 | -> cache-control: private c0 | == Indexed - Add == | idx = 64 | -> date: Mon, 21 Oct 2013 | 20:13:21 GMT bf | == Indexed - Add == | idx = 63 | -> location: | https://www.example.com
动态列表 (解码后):
[ 1->62] (s = 42) :status: 307 [ 2->63] (s = 63) location: https://www.example.com [ 3->64] (s = 65) date: Mon, 21 Oct 2013 20:13:21 GMT [ 4->65] (s = 52) cache-control: private Table size: 222
由于(
, 302)的长度为42，且42+222=264>256，所以舍弃最大值第三次请求. 示例如下
:status: 200 cache-control: private date: Mon, 21 Oct 2013 20:13:22 GMT location: https://www.example.com content-encoding: gzip set-cookie: foo=ASDJKHQKBZXOQWEOPIUAXQWEOIU; max-age=3600; version=1
十六进制表示
88c1 6196 d07a be94 1054 d444 a820 0595 | ..a..z...T.D. .. 040b 8166 e084 a62d 1bff c05a 839b d9ab | ...f...-...Z.... 77ad 94e7 821d d7f2 e6c7 b335 dfdf cd5b | w..........5...[ 3960 d5af 2708 7f36 72c1 ab27 0fb5 291f | 9`..'..6r..'..). 9587 3160 65c0 03ed 4ee5 b106 3d50 07 | ..1`e...N...=P.
比之前少了5字节
解码过程
88 | == Indexed - 静态表 == | idx = 8 | -> :status: 200 c1 | == Indexed - 动态表 == | idx = 65 | -> cache-control: private 61 | == Literal indexed == | Indexed name (idx = 33) | date 96 | Literal value (长度22) | Huffman encoded: d07a be94 1054 d444 a820 0595 040b 8166 | .z...T.D. .....f e084 a62d 1bff | ...-.. | Decoded: | Mon, 21 Oct 2013 20:13:22 | GMT | - evict: cache-control: | private | -> date: Mon, 21 Oct 2013 | 20:13:22 GMT c0 | == Indexed - Add == | idx = 64 | -> location: | https://www.example.com 5a | == Literal indexed == | Indexed name (idx = 26) | content-encoding 83 | Literal value (长度3) | Huffman encoded: 9bd9 ab | ... | Decoded: | gzip | - evict: date: Mon, 21 Oct | 2013 20:13:21 GMT | -> content-encoding: gzip 77 | == Literal indexed == | Indexed name (idx = 55) | set-cookie ad | Literal value (长度45) | Huffman encoded: 94e7 821d d7f2 e6c7 b335 dfdf cd5b 3960 | .........5...[9` d5af 2708 7f36 72c1 ab27 0fb5 291f 9587 | ..'..6r..'..)... 3160 65c0 03ed 4ee5 b106 3d50 07 | 1`e...N...=P. | Decoded: | foo=ASDJKHQKBZXOQWEOPIUAXQ | WEOIU; max-age=3600; versi | on=1 | - evict: location: | https://www.example.com | - evict: :status: 307 | -> set-cookie: foo=ASDJKHQ | KBZXOQWEOPIUAXQWEOIU; ma | x-age=3600; version=1
动态列表 (解码后):
[ 1->62] (s = 98) set-cookie: foo=ASDJKHQKBZXOQWEOPIUAXQWEOIU; max-age=3600; version=1 [ 2->63] (s = 52) content-encoding: gzip [ 3->64] (s = 65) date: Mon, 21 Oct 2013 20:13:22 GMT 总长度: 215
动态列表保留着一个最大的缓存大小值，每一个键值对的计算为name的字节数+value的字节数+32为确定的大小值。超出大小部分则丢弃不缓存，默认大小为4096。
HPACK管理着HTTP2的头部的协议部分，有着高压缩比和重复请求的高复用性，双方编码解码需要各自维持一份动态表，动态根据处理数据来动态拓展，保证双方维持的表一模一样。从而保证ID索引不会乱。Huffman编码把头里面需要用到字符串的数据进行进一步的压缩，相对来说整个过程复杂度比HTTP1高很多，但相对的对使用者完全透明，在不影响其使用的情况下提高传输效率，并减少带宽的使用量。
本文作者:问蒙服务框架
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